Thì Hiện Tại Đơn ( Simple Present) và Cách sử dụng thì hiện tại đơn trong
tiếng anh
·
Dùng
để diễn tả thói quen hoặc những việc thường xuyên xảy ra ở hiện tại
Ex: We go to work
every day. (Tôi đi làm mỗi ngày) My mother always gets up early. (Mẹ tôi
luôn luôn thức dạy sớm.)
·
Dùng
để diễn tả những sự vật, sự việc xảy ra mang tính quy luật
Ex: This
festival occurs every 4 years. (Lễ hội này diễn ra 4 năm một lần.)
·
Dùng
để diễn tả các sự thật hiển nhiên, một chân lý, các phong tục tập quán, các
hiện tượng tự nhiên.
Ex: The earth moves
around the Sun. (Trái đất quay quanh mặt trời)
·
Dùng
để diễn tả lịch trình của tàu, xe, máy bay,…
Ex: The train leaves
at 8 am tomorrow. (Tàu khởi hành lúc 8 giờ sáng mai.)
Thể
|
Động từ “tobe”
|
Động từ “thường”
|
Khẳng định
|
(+) S
+ am/are/is + ……
I + am
; We/ You/ They + are; He/ She/It + is
Ex:
I am a student. (Tôi là một sinh viên.)
|
(+) S
+ V(e/es) + ……
I / We/You/They
+ V1 (nguyên mẫu)
He/ She/ It
+ V (s/es)
Ex: He
often plays soccer. (Anh ấy thường xuyên chơi bóng đá)
|
Phủ định
|
(- ) S +
am/are/is + not +…
is not = isn’t ; are
not = aren’t
Ex: I am
not a student. (Tôi không phải là một sinh viên.)
|
(-) S +
do/ does + not + V1 +…..
do not =
don’t; does not = doesn’t
Ex:
He doesn’t often playsoccer. (Anh ấy không thường xuyên chơi
bóng đá)
|
Nghi vấn
|
(?) Yes – No question
Am/ Are/
Is (not) + S + ….?
A: Yes, S +
am/ are/ is.
B: No, S + am not/
aren’t/ isn’t. Ex: Are you a student?
Yes, I am. / No, I
am not.
(?) Wh- questions (Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi)
Wh +
am/ are/ is (not) + S + ….?
Ex: Where are you
from? (Bạn đến từ đâu?)
|
(?) Yes – No question:
Do/ Does
(not) + S + V1..?
A: Yes, S +
do/ does.
B: No, S + don’t/ doesn’t.
Ex: Does
he play soccer? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
(?) Wh- questions (Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi) Wh + do/ does(not) + S + V1)….?
Ex: Where do you
come from? (Bạn đến từ đâu?)
|
Lưu ý
|
Chia động từ ngôi
thứ 3 số ít bằng cách thêm “s/es” vào sau động từ nguyên thể
* Hầu
hết các động từ được chia bằng cách thêm “s” vào sau động từ nguyên thể
(V1)
* Thêm “es”
vào những động từ có tận cùng là: ch, sh, s, ss, x, z, o
Ex: watch
– watches ; miss – misses ; Wash – washes ; fix– fixes ;
go- goes
Động từ kêt thúc
bằng “y” thì có 2 cách chia :
+Trước “y” là môt
nguyên âm thì ta giữ nguyên và thêm “S”: play => plays +Trước
“y” là môt nguyên âm thì ta chuyển “y” -> “i”+ es: try => tries
|
·
Always (luôn luôn) ,
usually (thường xuyên), often (thường xuyên), frequently (thường xuyên) ,
sometimes (thỉnh thoảng), seldom (hiếm khi), rarely (hiếm khi), hardly (hiếm
khi) , never (không bao giờ), generally (nhìn chung), regularly (thường xuyên).
·
Every day, every week,
every month, every year,……. (Mỗi ngày, mỗi tuần, mỗi tháng, mỗi năm)
·
Once/ twice/ three
times/ four times….. a day/ week/ month/ year,……. (một lần / hai lần/ ba lần/
bốn lần ……..một ngày/ tuần/ tháng/ năm)
Bài 1: Điền trợ động
từ:
I ………. like tea.
He ………. play football
in the afternoon.
You ………. go to bed at
midnight.
They……….do the
homework on weekends.
The bus ……….arrive at
8.30 a.m.
My brother ……….finish
work at 8 p.m.
Our friends ………. live
in a big house.
The cat ………. like me.
Bài 2: Chọn dạng đúng
của từ
I catch/catches
robbers. My dad is a driver.
He always wear/wears a
white coat.
They never
drink/drinks beer.
Lucy go/goes window
shopping seven times a month.
She have/has a pen.
Mary and Marcus
cut/cuts people’s hair.
Mark usually
watch/watches TV before going to bed. Maria is a teacher.
She teach/teaches
students.
Bài 3: Điền dạng đúng
của từ trong ngoặc
She (not study) ……….
on Saturday. He (have) ………. a new haircut today. I usually (have) ……….breakfast
at 6.30. Peter (not/ study)……….very hard. He never gets high scores. My mother
often (teach)……….me English on Saturday evenings. I like Math and she
(like)……….Literature. My sister (wash)……….dishes every day. They (not/
have)……….breakfast every morning.
Bài 4: Viết lại câu,
điền đúng dạng từ trong ngoặc:
My brothers (sleep) on
the floor. (often) =>____________ He (stay) up late? (sometimes) =>
____________ I (do) the housework with my brother. (always) => ____________
Peter and Mary (come) to class on time. (never) => ____________ Why Johnson
(get) good marks? (always) => ____________ You (go) shopping? (usually)
=> ____________ She (cry). (seldom) => ____________ My father (have)
popcorn. (never) => ____________
Bài 5 Viết lại câu hoàn
chỉnh
Eg: They / wear suits
to work? =>Do they wear suits to work?
she / not / sleep late
at the weekends =>________
we / not / believe the
Prime Minister =>________
you / understand the
question? =>________
they / not / work late
on Fridays =>________
David / want some
coffee? =>________
she / have three
daughters =>________
when / she / go to her
Chinese class? =>________
why / I / have to
clean up? =>_______
Bài 6: Hoàn thành đoạn
hội thoại sau bằng cách điền đúng dạng từ:
My cousin, Peter
(have)………..a dog. It (be)………..an intelligent pet with a short tail and big
black eyes. Its name (be)………..Kiki and it (like)………..eating pork. However, it
(never/ bite)………..anyone; sometimes it (bark)………..when strange guests visit. To
be honest, it (be)………..very friendly. It (not/ like)………..eating fruits, but it
(often/ play)………..with them. When the weather (become)………..bad, it (just/
sleep)………..in his cage all day. Peter (play)………..with Kiki every day after
school. There (be)………..many people on the road, so Peter (not/ let)………..the dog
run into the road. He (often/ take)………..Kiki to a large field to enjoy the
peace there. Kiki (sometimes/ be)………..naughty, but Peter loves it very much.
Đáp án (Answers) :
Bài 1: Điền trợ động
từ:
I don’t like tea.
He doesn’t play
football in the afternoon.
You don’t go to bed at
midnight.
Theydon’t do the
homework on weekends.
The bus doesn’tarrive
at 8.30 a.m.
My brother
doesn’tfinish work at 8 p.m.
Our friends don’t live
in a big house.
The cat doesn’t like
me
Bài 2: Chọn dạng đúng
của từ
I catch/catches
robbers. My dad is a driver.
He always wear/wears a
white coat.
They never
drink/drinks beer.
Lucy go/goes window
shopping seven times a month.
She have/has a pen.
Mary and Marcus
cut/cuts people’s hair.
Mark usually
watch/watches TV before going to bed. Maria is a teacher.
She teach/teaches
Bài 3: Điền dạng đúng
của từ trong ngoặc
She dosen’t study on
Saturday. He has a new haircut today. I usually have breakfast at 6.30 Peter
doesn’t study|does not studyvery hard. He never gets high scores. My mother
often teachesme English on Saturday evenings. I like Math and she likes My
sister washesdishes every day. They don’t have|do not havebreakfast every
morning.
Bài 4: Điền dạng đúng
của từ trong ngoặc và hoàn thành câu
=> My brothers
often sleepon the floor.
=> Does hesometimes
stay up late?|Does he stay up late sometimes?
=> I always dothe
housework with my brother.
=> Peter and Mary
never cometo class on time.
=> Why doesJohnson
always get good marks?
=> Doyou usually go
shopping?
=> She seldom cries.
=> My father never
has
Bài 5 Viết lại câu
hoàn chỉnh
She doesn’t sleep late
at the weekends.
We don’t believe the
Prime Minister.
Do you understand the
question? They don’t work late on Fridays.
Does David want some
coffee? She has three daughters.
When does she go to
her Chinese class?
Why do I have to clean
up?
Bài 6: Hoàn thành đoạn
hội thoại sau bằng cách điền đúng dạng từ:
My cousin, Peter (have) has a dog. It (be) is an intelligent pet with a short tail and big black eyes. Its name (be) is Kiki and it (like) likes eating pork. However, it (never/ bite) never bites anyone; sometimes it (bark) barks when strange guests visit. To be honest, it (be) is very friendly. It (not/ like) does not like|doesn’t like eating fruits, but it (often/ play) often plays with them. When the weather (become) becomes bad, it (just/ sleep) just sleeps in his cage all day. Peter (play) plays with Kiki every day after school. There (be) are many people on the road, so Peter (not/ let) does not let|doesn’t let the dog run into the road. He (often/ take) often takes Kiki to a large field to enjoy the peace there. Kiki (sometimes/ be) is sometimes naughty, but Peter loves it very much.
My cousin, Peter (have) has a dog. It (be) is an intelligent pet with a short tail and big black eyes. Its name (be) is Kiki and it (like) likes eating pork. However, it (never/ bite) never bites anyone; sometimes it (bark) barks when strange guests visit. To be honest, it (be) is very friendly. It (not/ like) does not like|doesn’t like eating fruits, but it (often/ play) often plays with them. When the weather (become) becomes bad, it (just/ sleep) just sleeps in his cage all day. Peter (play) plays with Kiki every day after school. There (be) are many people on the road, so Peter (not/ let) does not let|doesn’t let the dog run into the road. He (often/ take) often takes Kiki to a large field to enjoy the peace there. Kiki (sometimes/ be) is sometimes naughty, but Peter loves it very much.
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