I- ĐỊNH NGHĨA
Câu ước là câu diễn tả mong muốn, ước muốn của ai đó về một việc trong tương lai, ở hiện tại hay về một điều trong quá khứ.
Ví dụ:
I wish I would be a teacher in the future. (Tôi ước tôi sẽ là một giáo viên trong tương lai.)
II- CÁC LOẠI CÂU ƯỚC
* Cấu trúc:
S + wish + S + would/could + V(nguyên thể)
Chú ý: Động từ “wish” chia theo thì và chia theo chủ ngữ.
Ví dụ:
- She wishes she would earn a lot of money next year. (Cô ấy ước cô ấy sẽ kiếm được rất nhiều tiền trong năm tới.)
- We wish we would travel to America one day. (Chúng tôi ước rằng chúng tôi sẽ du lịch tới Mỹ vào một ngày nào đó.)
Ta thấy việc “kiếm được nhiều tiền” và “việc đi du lịch tới Mỹ” là 2 điều ước trong tương lai. Vậy nên ta sử dụng câu ước loại 1.
* Cấu trúc:
S + wish + S + V-QKĐ
Chú ý: - Động từ “wish” chia theo thì và chia theo chủ ngữ
- Động từ chính trong mệnh đề sau “wish” chia thì quá khứ đơn
- Động từ “to be” chia là “were” với tất cả các chủ ngữ trong câu ước.
Ví dụ:
- He wishes he didn’t work in this company at present. (Tôi ước rằng hiện tại tôi không làm việc cho công ty này.)
Ta thấy thời gian trong câu này là ở hiện tại “at present”. Ta hiểu tình huống trong câu này là: hiện tại “anh ấy” đang làm việc cho một công ty và anh ấy không thích công ty này nên ước rằng hiện tại anh ta đang không làm việc cho công ty này. Đây là điều ước trái với một sự thật ở hiện tại nên ta sử dụng câu ước loại 2. Mệnh đề sau “wish” chia thì quá khứ đơn.
- She wishes she were a billionaire at the moment. (Cô ấy ước rằng lúc này cô ấy là một tỷ phú -> Thực tế hiện tại cô ấy không phải là một tỷ phú.)
- She wishes she were a billionaire at the moment. (Cô ấy ước rằng lúc này cô ấy là một tỷ phú -> Thực tế hiện tại cô ấy không phải là một tỷ phú.)
Đây là một câu ước trái với thực tế ở hiện tại nên ta sử dụng câu ước loại 2. Mệnh đề sau “wish” chia thì quá khứ đơn. Và động từ “to be” chia là “were” với tất cả các chủ ngữ.
* Cấu trúc:
S + wish + S + had + V3
Chú ý: - Động từ “wish” chia theo thì và chia theo chủ ngữ
- Động từ sau “wish” chia thì quá khứ hoàn thành.
Ví dụ:
- Mary wishes she had gone to school yesterday. (Tôi ước rằng tôi đã đi học ngày hôm qua.)
Ta hiểu rằng thực tế ngày hôm qua Mary không đi học và hiện tại cô ấy ước rằng hôm qua cô ấy đã đi học. Đây là điều ước trái với sự thật trong quá khứ nên ta sử dụng câu ước loại 3. Mệnh đề sau “wish” chia thì quá khứ hoàn thành.
Bài 1: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:
1. I wish he ……………. here now. (be)
2. She wishes you ……………. better. (feel)
3. I wish that you ……………. here yesterday.
(be)
4. I wish he ……………. he work tonight. (finish)
5. We wish you ……………. tomorrow. (come)
6. She wishes she ……………. the window last
night. (open)
7. I wish you ……………. earlier yesterday.
(leave)
8. We wish they ……………. with us last
weekend. (come)
9. They wish he ……………. with them the next day.
(come)
10. They wish we ……………. them some food
yesterday. (give)
11. We wish you ……………. yesterday. (arrive)
12. I wish I ……………. the answers. (not lose)
13. You wish you ……………. what to do last
year. (know)
14. I wish that he ……………. us next year.
(visit)
15. She wishes that she ……………. at home now. (be)
16. I wish I ……………. the news. (hear)
17. You wish that he ……………. you last week.
(help)
18. I wish I ……………. the subject more
interesting. (find)
19. He always wishes he ……………. rich. (be)
20. The boy wishes that he ……………. the competition
the next day. (win)
21. I wish the weather ……………. warmer now. (be)
22. They wish he ……………. them next week.
(telephone)
23. He wishes you ……………. him in the
future. (help)
24. She wishes the mail ……………. soon.
(come)
25. They wish she ……………. the arrangements for
the meeting next week. (make)
26. We wish they ……………. or we will miss the bus.
(hurry)
27. You wish the door …………….. (open)
28. He wishes he ……………. us the book. (show)
29. They wish we ……………. for them. (wait)
30. I wish you ……………. to me. (to write)
31. She wishes you ……………. her. (to join)
32. He wishes he ……………. ready. (to be)
33. She wishes she ……………. how to sing. (to know)
34. They wish it ……………. warmer. (to be)
35. Does he wish he ……………. younger? (to
be)
36. She wishes she ……………. the arrangements
earlier. (make)
37. They wish they ……………. the appointment. (not
forget)
38. We wish it ……………. yesterday. (not snow)
39. We always wish we ……………. fluent in other
languages. (be)
40. I wish I ……………. near my school. (
live)
41. I wish I ……………. her address. ( know)
42. I wish I ……………. taller. (be )
43. I wish I ……………..her now. (meet)
44. I wish he ………………….here tomorrow. (not leave)
45. She wishes she …………..her homework last
night. (finish) 46. I wish they ………….here last Sunday. (come)
47. I wish they …………….us last week.
(visit)
48. She wishes she …………… her holiday at the
seaside last weekend. ( spend)
49. I wish the weather ……………….hot yesterday. (be
not)
50. I wish I …………………a doctor when I grow up. ( be
)
51. They wish it …………………..tomorrow. (not rain)
52. We wish we ….……………. a test next Tuesday.
(not have)
53. I wish it ………………….. fine on the party next
week. (be)
54. I wish tomorrow ………………a beautiful day. (be)
Bài 2: Chọn đáp án đúng để hoàn thành câu sau.
1. I wish I (have/ has/ had) a lot of
interesting book.
2. I wish I (would meet/ met/ meet ) her
tomorrow.
3. I wish I (was/ were/ am) your sister.
4. I wish they ( won/ had won/ would win)
the match last Sunday
5. I wish they ( played/ playing/ play)
soccer well.
6. She wishes she (will/ would/ can) come here
to visit us.
7. I wish yesterday ( were /was/had been )
a better day.
8. I wish I (can speak/ could speak/
will speak) many languages
9. I wish tomorrow ( were/ will be/
would be) Sunday.
10. I wish I ( am/ was/ were) a movie star .
Bài 3: Tìm và sửa lỗi sai trong các câu sau.
1. She wish she could speak English well.
2. I wish it didn’t rained now.
3. I wish I was a doctor to save people.
4. I wish I have more time to look after my
family.
5. He wishes it didn’t rain yesterday.
6. I wish my father gives up smoking in
the near future.
7. I wish I studied very well last year.
8. I wish you will come to my party next week.
9. I wish it stops raining now.
10. I wish you are my sister.
11. She wishes she is the most beautiful girl in
the world.
12. I wish Miss Brown will come here and
stay with us next week.
13. I wish I am at home with my family now.
14. I wish I could been there with you.
15. She wish she could go home now.
1. I have to study hard.
-> I wish ……………………………………….……………
2. We had a lot of homework yesterday.
-> I wish ……………………………………………………………………………….
3. It is raining heavily.
-> I wish ……………………………………….………………………..
4. It was cold last night. .
-> I wish ……………………………………….……..
5. They work slowly.
-> I wish ……………………………………….…..…………
5. She doesn’t join in the trip.
-> I wish ……………………………………….……
6. I am not good at English.
-> I wish ……………………………………….………
7. He studies badly.
-> I wish ……………………………………….………………..
8. He doesn’t like playing sports.
-> I wish ……………………………………….…
9. I don’t have a computer.
-> I wish ……………………………..………….………
10. Today isn’t a holiday.
-> I wish ……………………………………….…………
11. I can’t sing this song.
-> I wish ………………………………………….…………
12. He was punished by his mother.
-> I wish ……………………………………………………
13. They won’t come here again.
-> I wish ………………………………………….…………
14. He won’t go swimming with me.
-> I wish …………………………………………………….
15. We didn’t understand them.
-> We wish ………………………………………….……..
16. I will be late for school.
-> I wish ………………………………………….……….
17. The bus was late today.
-> I wish ………………………………………….………..
18. She doesn’t like this place.
-> I wish ………………………………………….………
19. These students talked too much in class.
-> I wish ………………………………………………….
20. I can’t play basketball.
-> I wish ………………………………………….……….
ĐÁP ÁN
Bài 1:
1. were
2. felt
3. had been
4. would finish
5. would come
6. had
7. had left
8. had come
9. would come
10. had given
11.
had arrived 12.
had not lost
13. had known
14. would visit
15. were
16. had heard
17. had helped
18. found
19. were
20. would win
21. were
22. would telephone 23. would help
24. would come
25. would
make
26. would hurry 27. would open
28. had shown
29. would wait
30. would write 31.
would join
32. were
33. knew
34. were
35. were
36. had made
37. had not forgotten
38. hadn't
snowed 39.were
40. Lived
41.
knew
42. were
43. met
44. wouldn’t leave
45. had finished
46. had
come
47. had visit
48. had spent
49. weren’t
hot
50.
were
51. wouldn’t rain 52. wouldn’t have
53. would
be
54. would be
Bài 2:
1. had
2. would meet
3. were
4. had won
5. played
6. would
7. had been
8. could speak
9. would be
10. were
Bài 3:
1. wish -> wishes
2.rained -> rain
3. was -> were
4. have -> had
5. didn’t rain -> hadn’t rain
6. gives -> would give
7. studied -> had studied
8. will -> would
9. stops -> stopped
10. are -> were
11. is - were
12. will -> would
13. am -> were
14. been -> be
15. wish -> wishes
Bài 4:
1. I wish I didn’t have to study.
2. I wish we hadn’t had a lot of homework
yesterday.
3. I wish it didn’t rain heavily.
4. I wish it hadn’t been cold last night.
5. I wish they didn’t work slowly.
5.I wish she joined in the trip.
6. I wish I were good at English.
7. I wish he didn’t studied badly.
8. I wish he liked playing sports.
9.I wish I had a computer.
10. I wish today were a holiday.
11. I wish I could sing this song.
12.I wish he hadn’t been punished by his mother.
13.I wish they would come here again.
14. I wish I he would go swimming with me.
15. We wish we had understood them.
16.I wish I wouldn’t be late for school.
17. I wish the bus hadn’t been late today.
18. I wish she liked this place.
19. I wish these students hadn’t talked too much
in class.
20. I wish I could play basketball.
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